· The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)
Started : 25th august 2005
Aim-: providing at least 150 days of guaranteed wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. It also mandates 33 per cent participation for women. The primary objective of the scheme is to augment wage employment.
Started by : rural development department
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Swavalamban
mINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT OF WOMEN AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Under the scheme, Government will contribute Rs. 1000 per year to each NPS account opened in the year 2010-11 and for the next three years, that is, 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14. The benefit will be available only to persons who join the NPS with a minimum contribution of Rs. 1,000 and maximum contribution of Rs. 12,000 per annum.
· Swarnjayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY)
is an initiative launched by the Government of India to provide sustainable income to poor people living in rural areas of the country. The scheme was launched on April 1, 1999.
The SGSY aims at providing self-employment to villagers through the establishment of Self-help groups. Activity clusters are established based on the aptitude and skill of the people which are nurtured to their maximum potential. Funds are provided by NGOs, banks and financial institutions.
Launched by : ministry of rural development
A self-help group (SHG) is a village-based financial intermediarycommittee usually composed of 10–20 local women or men. A mixed group is generally not preferred. Most self-help groups are located in India, though SHGs can also be found in other countries, especially in South Asia and Southeast Asia.
Members make small regular savings contributions over a few months until there is enough capital in the group to begin lending. Funds may then be lent back to the members or to others in the village for any purpose. In India, many SHG's are 'linked' to banks for the delivery ofmicro-credit.
Microcredit is the extension of very small loans (microloans) to impoverished borrowers who typically lack collateral, steady employment and a verifiable credit history. It is designed not only to support entrepreneurship and alleviate poverty, but also in many cases to empower women and uplift entire communities by extension. In many communities, women lack the highly stable employment histories that traditional lenders tend to require. Many are illiterate, and therefore unable to complete paperwork required to get conventional loans..
Swabhimaan (campaign)
Swabhimaan is a campaign of the Government of India which aims to bring banking services to large rural areas without banking services in the country. It was launched by Smt. Sonia Gandhi,
No frill accounts(like for student accounts, poor people ,salaried accounts with zero balance)
Launch year : on February 10, 2011
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
making free and compulsory education to children of ages 6–14 (estimated to be 205 million in number in 2001) a fundamental right.
By hrd department
sTarted 2001
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY)
The Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) was launched on 1 October, 2007 to provide smart card-based cashless health insurance cover of Rs 30,000 per family per annum to BPL families (a unit of five) in the unorganized sector. The scheme became operational from 1 April, 2008.
The premium is shared on 75:25 basis by the Centre and State Governments. In the case of States of the north-east region and Jammu and Kashmir, the premium is shared on 90:10 basis. The scheme provides for smart card portability by splitting the card value for migrant workers.
RSBY has been launched by Ministry of Labour and Employment,
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, namely the RSBY providing health insurance, and Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) providing old age pension, may be extended to building and other construction workers, MGNREGA workers, Asha workers, Anganwadi workers and helpers, porters/coolies/gang men, and casual and daily wagers.
primary objective of the PMGSY is to provide connectivity by way of an all weather road to the eligible un-connected habitations in the rural area, in such a way that all un-connected habitations with a population of 500 persons and above are to be covered in plain area
The Government of India launched the Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojan (PMGSY) on 25th December 2000 under the Ministry of Rural Development,
Midday Meal Scheme
is a programme of the Government of India designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children nation wide.[1] The programme supplies free lunches on working days for children in Primary and Upper Primary Classes in Government,
by hrd dept.
Rural Infrastructure and Development
The Government of India has accorded highest priority to building rural infrastructure with objective of facilitating a higher degree of rural-urban integration and for achieving an even pattern of growth for the poor and disadvantaged sections of society.
Some of the initiatives taken by the Government to facilitate building of rural infrastructure and development include the PMGSY, Bharat Nirman, Total Sanitation Campaign, and NRHM.
Bharat Nirman
This Program, launched in 2005-06 for building infrastructure and basic amenities in rural areas, has six components, namely rural housing, irrigation potential, drinking water, rural roads, electrification, and rural telephony. It is an important initiative for reducing the gap between rural and urban areas and improving the quality of life of people in rural areas.
Rural Roads
Rural Roads have been identified as one of the six components of Bharat Nirman and a goal has been set to provide connectivity to all villagers with a population of 1000 (500 in hilly or tribal areas) with all-weather roads. New connectivity is proposed to be provided to a total of 54,648 habitations under Bharat Nirman. This will involve construction of 1,46,184 km of rural roads. In addition to new connectivity, Bharat Nirman envisages upgradation/renewal of 1,94,130 km of existing rural roads.
Rural Drinking Water
Supply of safe drinking water in uncovered, slipped back and quality-affected habitations is one of the components of Bharat Nirman. Habitations with arsenic and fluoride content in water have been accorded highest priority followed by those with iron, salt, and nitrate content.
In order to give effect to the policy initiatives mentioned in the Eleventh Five Year Plan document, the guidelines for the rural water supply Program have been revised. The revised Program called the National Rural Drinking Water Program (NRDWP) has a budgetary provision of Rs. 9000 crore for 2010-11 against which Rs. 7103.56 crore has been utilized so far.
Considering the importance of the Bharat Nirman Program and its implementation status at the end of 2008-09, the Government has extended Phase II of the Program up to 2012. The implementation status of the NRDWP under Bharat Nirman Phase II shows that against a physical target of 76,316 habitations to be covered up to 2010-11, a total of 43,193 habitations have been covered as on 31 December 2010. All the uncovered and quality-affected habitations that may still be uncovered by the end of 2010-11 are targeted to be covered during 2011-12.
Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM)
The Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), a seven year Program launched in December 2005, provides financial assistance to cities for infrastructure, housing, development, and capacity development. Two of its four components-Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP) for 65 select cities and Integrated Housing and Slum Development Program (IHSDP) for other cities and towns-are devoted to shelter and basic service needs of the poor.
The Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) also emphasis the implementation of the following three mandatory pro –poor key reforms to enhance the capacity of urban local bodies (ULBs):
Ø Internal earmarking within local body budgets for basic services to the urban poor;
Ø Earmarking at least 20-25per cent of development land in all housing projects (both public and private agencies) for the economically weaker section (EWS)/ lower income group (LIG) category; (iii) implementation of seven–point charter for provision of seven basic entitlements/services.
As the first national flagship Program For urbanization, the JNNURM has significantly triggered the creation of many innovative ideas in States that will increase their ability to maintain the momentum of the urban transformation they have initiated.
JANANI SURASKA YOJANA. To reduce maternal deaths of women started 12th april 2005 by health and family department ministry
Janani Suraksha Yojana was launched in April 2005
Indira Awaas Yojana
It is one of the major flagship programs of the Rural Development Ministry to construct houses for BPL population in the villages. is a social welfare programme, created by the Indian Government, to provide housing for the rural poor in India by ministry of rural development.
Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY)
The Government has announced the vision of a ‘slum-free India’ through a new scheme, the Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY). Subsequently to this announcement, extensive consultations have been held with various Ministries, experts, State Governments, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), financial and urban experts, and private industry to frame the guidelines. These draft guidelines have been critically appraised by an expert committee. The preparatory phase of RAY, called the slum Free City Planning Scheme has been implemented.
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Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)
Significant progress has been made since the UIDAI was created through a notification issued by the Government in January 2009. Phase-II of the UIDAI now referred to as the “Aadhaar Program” commenced in July 2010 for enrolling 10 crore residents through multiple registrars and for setting up of other infrastructural requirements for the project phase of five years ending March 2014.
The scheme was formally launched on 29 September, 2010 at Thembali village of Nandurbar district in Maharashtra when all the residents in the village were enrolled making it the first ‘Aadhaar Gaon’. All the 35 States and UTs have signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the UIDAI. MoUs have also been signed with the Ministry of Human Resource Development,
Ministry of Rural Development, Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Department of Post, 23 Public Sector Banks, the Life Insurance Corporation of India, Indira Gandhi national Open University, and the National Coalition of Organizations for Security of Migrant workers.
The UIDAI is partnering with financial institutions to both augment enrolments through them and to provide bank accounts to residents during Aadhar enrolment. Enrolment statistics indicate that about 80 percent of residents have given consent for opening bank accounts during enrolment. In order to simplify the process of opening Aadhaar-enabled bank accounts for the marginalized population, the Aadhar-based Know Your Resident (KYR) leading to issue of Aadhaar numbers has been accepted as a equivalent to banks’ Know Your Customer (KYC) norms.
Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 (RTE Act)
Free education to all children between the age of 6 and 14 years has been made a fundamental right under the RTE Act 2009. While the RTE Act was notified o 27 August, 2009 for general information, the notification for enforcing the provisions of the Act with effect from 1 April, 2010 was issued on 16 February, 2010.
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
The scheme of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), a national flagship program, is being implemented in all districts of the country. The aim of SSA is to provide useful and relevant elementary education for all children in the 6-14 age group by 2010. The scheme of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) was launched in 2001.
The goals of SSA are as follows:
All 6-14 age children in school/EGS(Education Guarantee Scheme) centre/Bridge Course by 2005.
Bridge all gender and social category gaps at primary stage by 2007 and at elementary education level by 2010.
Universal retention by 2010.
Focus on elementary education of satisfactory quality with emphasis on education for life.
The assistance under the program of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) was on a 85:15 sharing arrangement during the Ninth Plan, 75:25 sharing arrangement during the Tenth Plan, and 50:50 sharing thereafter between the Central Government and the State Government except for 8 NE states, where 15% of the assistance is met by Ministry of DONER for the two years 2005-06 and 2006-07.
Mid- Day Meal Scheme
With a view to enhance enrollment, retention and attendance and simultaneously improving nutritional levels among children, the National Program of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (NPNSPE) was launched as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme on 15th August, 1995 initially in 2408 blocks in the country. By the year 1997-98 the NPNSPE was introduced in all blocks of the country.
Under the Program cooked mid-day meal is provided to all the children attending Classes I-VIII in Government, Local body, Government aided and National Child Labor Project schools. At present the cooked midday meal provides an energy content of 450 calories and protein content of 12 grams at primary stage and an energy content of 700 calories and protein content o f20 grams at upper primary stage. Adequate quality of micro-nutrients like iron, folic acid and vitamin A are also recommended for convergence with the NRHM.
National Literacy Mission
The National Literacy Mission, set up in May 1988, aims to attain a sustainable threshold level of 75 per cent literacy by 2007 by imparting functional literacy to non-literates in the age group of 15-35 years, which is the productive and reproductive age group and constitutes a major segment of the work force.
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)
The RMSA was launched in March 2009 with the objective of enhancing access to secondary education and improving its quality. The implementation of the scheme started from 2009-10. It envisages raising the enrolment rate at secondary stage from 52.56 per cent in 2005-06 to 75 per cent within five years by providing a secondary school within reasonable distance of any habitation.
The Central Government and State Government bear 75 per cent and 25 per cent of the project expenditure respectively during the Eleventh Five Year Plan. The funding pattern is in the ratio 10:10 for the North- Eastern States.
Saakshar Bharat
In the context of the Government’s overall policy aimed at empowerment of women and in recognition of the fact that literacy is a prerequisite for socioeconomic development, the National Literacy Mission has been recast as ‘Saakshar Bharat’ with prime focus on female literacy. This flagship program of the Government will cover all adults in the age group of 15 and above through its primary focus will be on women.
The Jan Shiksha Kendras (adult education centers-AECs) will be set up to coordinate and manage all programs within their territorial jurisdiction. The state governments, as against the districts in the earlier versions, and Panchyati Raj institutions, along with communities, will be the valued stakeholders. The budgetary support has also been substantially enhanced.
National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
The NRHM was launched in 2005 to provide accessible, affordable, and accountable quality health services to rural areas which emphasis on poor persons and remote areas. It is being operationalised throughout the country, with special focus on 18 states, which include 8 empowered action groups rates (Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Odisha, and Rajasthan), 8 north-eastern States, Himachal Pradesh, and Jammu and Kashmir.
The NRHM aims to provide an overarching umbrella to the existing programs of Health and Family Welfare including the Reproductive Child Health Project (RCH-II) and Malaria, Blindness, Iodine Deficiency, Filarial, Kala Azar, TB, Leprosy, and Integrated Disease Surveillance Programs by strengthening the public health delivery system at all levels. Further, the Mission addresses the issue of health in the context, of a sector – wide approach addressing sanitation and hygiene, nutrition, and safe drinking water as the basic determinants of good health. Keeping this in view, it seeks greater convergence among the related social-sector departments, namely AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy), Women & Child Development, Sanitation, Elementary Education, Panchayati Raj, and Rural Development.
Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) is a centrally sponsored scheme aimed at reducing maternal and infant mortality rates and increasing institutional deliveries in below poverty line (BPL) families. The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) which falls under the overall umbrella of National Rural Health Mission (External website that opens in a new window), covers all pregnant women belonging to households below the poverty line, above 19 years of age and up to two live births.
The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), launched in 2003, modifies the existing National Maternity Benefit Scheme (NMBS). While the National Maternity Benefit Scheme (NMBS) was connected with providing a better diet for pregnant women from below poverty line (BPL) families, the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) integrates help in the form of cash with antenatal care during pregnancy period, institutional care during delivery as well as post- partum care.
Two critical mechanisms of maternal death reviews and name based tracking of every pregnant women and child immunized have been initiated to bring down the maternal and infant mortality and morbidity. The name based tracking system will result in creating a database of all pregnant women with their address and telephone numbers. The Mother and Child tracking system are already operational in Gujarat, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu whilst the other States are in the implementation phase.
Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY)
The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) has been launched with the objectives of correcting regional imbalances in the availability of affordable/reliable tertiary healthcare services and augmenting facilities for quality medical education in the country. The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) has two components in its first phase.
The first phase is the setting up of six All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) like institutions. The of residential complexes in Rishikesh and Patna is expected to be completed by March 2011 whereas in Bhopal and Bhubaneswar, it is likely to be completed by June 2011 and August 2011 respectively.
The second is up-gradation of 13 existing Government Medical College Institutions. Civil works under this component have been completed in the Medical Colleges in Trivandrum, Salem, Bangalore, and Lucknow, and is on the verge of completion in Hyderabad, Kolkata, Jammu, Triupati, and Mumbai, and in Varanasi, Srinagar, Ahmadabad, and Ranchi are likely to be completed by mid-2011.
In the second phase of the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) , two more AIIMS-like institutions will be set up and up-gradation of six more medical colleges is being taken up.
Integrated Child Development Services Scheme (ICDS)
This was launched in 1975 for holistic development of children below 6 years of age and for proper nutrition and health education of pregnant and lactating mothers with 33projects and 4891 anganwadi centers (AWCs). It has been continuously expanded to uncovered areas and has now been universalized with the Government of India cumulatively approving 7076 projects and 14 lakh AWCs including 20, 000 anganwadis ‘on demand’.
Apart from universalizing the ICDS Scheme, the Government has taken various steps, such as revision in financial norms of existing interventions including the Supplementary Nutrition Program (SPN), revision in nutritional and feeding norms of supplementary nutrition, and introduction of new WHO growth standards.
In the addition, the Government of India also introduced cost-sharing between the Center and State from 2009-10 in the ratio of 90:10 for all components including the SNP for the north-east. This ratio will be 50:50 for the SNP and 90:10 for all other components for all States other than north-east.
Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG) or SABLA Scheme
The Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG) or SABLA Scheme was launched on 19 November, 2010 with the objective of empowering adolescent girls in the age group 11-18 years by bringing improvement in their nutritional and health status and up-grading various skills like home skills, life skills, and vocational skills.
To start with, it will be implemented in 200 selected districts across the country on a pilot basis. The Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG) or SABLA Scheme would be implemented through State Governments/ UT Administrations with 100 per cent financial assistance from the Central Government for all inputs other than nutrition provision for which 50 per cent Central assistance to states/UTs would be provided.
Anganwadi Centers will be the focal point for delivery of services. Nearly 100 lakh adolescent girls in 200 districts are expected to be benefited per annum under the scheme. In these 200 districts, Kishori Shakti Yojna (KSY) and the Nutrition Program for Adolescent Girls (NPAG) have been merged in the Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (RGSEAG) or SABLA Scheme. In the remaining districts, the Kishori Shakti Yojna (KSY) will continue as before.
Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS)
The Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) was launched in 2009-10 with the objective of providing a safe and secure environment for comprehensive development of children in the country who are in need of care and protection as well as children in conflict with the law.
The Integrated Child Protection Scheme (ICPS) provides preventive and statutory care and rehabilitation services to any vulnerable child including, but not limited to, children of potentially vulnerable families and families sat risk, families living in extreme poverty, families at risk, children of socially excluded groups like migrant families, families living in extreme poverty, families subjected to or affected by discrimination and minorities, children infected and / or affected by HIV/AIDS, orphans, child drug abusers, children of substance abusers, child beggars, trafficked or sexually exploited children, children of prisoners, and street and working children.
The scheme is Centrally Sponsored and is being mainly implemented through state Governments / UT Administrations from 2009-10 and 33 states / UTs have signed the MOUs for implementation of this Scheme.
Bal Bandhu
Bal Bandhu Scheme (BBS) for protection of children in areas of civil unrest is being implemented through the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) with the great Sanctioned from the Prime Minister’s National Relief Fund.
Ujjawala
Ujjawala , a comprehensive scheme for prevention of trafficking with five specific components (prevention, rescue, rehabilitation, reintegration, and repatriation of victims) was launched on 4 December, 2007. Under this scheme, 134 projects including 73 rehabilitation homes, spread over 16 states, have been sanctioned.
National Mission For Empowerment of Women (NMEW)
The National Mission For Empowerment of Women (NMEW) has been set up with a view to empowering Women socially, economically, and educationally. The Mission aims to achieve empowerment of women on all these fronts by securing convergence of schemes / programs of different Ministries / Departments of the Government of India as well as State Governments.
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
The Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) is a scheme by government of India to achieve 4% growth rate in agriculture during the Eleventh Five year Plan (2007-2012).
The Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) will be implemented in the coming year (2011-12) with a budget of Rs. 7860 crore and nine Sub-schemes. Three of the sub-schemes were introduced in 2010-11 and will be continued this year also. The sub-schemes are as follows:
Extending Green Revolution to the Eastern Region of the Country Sub-scheme targets improvement in the rice based cropping system in 7 states. Promotion of OIL Palm seeks to give special attention will be paid to oil palm as it is one of the most efficient oil crops. Initiative on Vegetables Clusters will establish an efficient supply chain to make quality vegetables available at competitive prices. Nutri-cereals will promote balanced nutrition and higher production of bajra, jowar, ragi and other millets in the arid and semi-arid regions of the country. Integrated Development of 60,000 Pulses Villages in Rain fed Areas aims at attending self-sufficient in production of pulses within the next three years.
National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM)
The National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM), is one of the major new initiatives under the Ministry of Rural Development to bring the poorest of the poor above the poverty line by ensuring viable livelihood opportunities to them was launched by the UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi at a function in Banswara, Rajasthan on June 3, 2011.
The Mission aims to ensure that at least one member from identified rural poor household, preferably a woman, is brought under the Self Help Group (SHG) network in a time bound manner. The National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) would reach out, mobilize and support 7 Crore Below Poverty Line (BPL) households across 600 districts, 6000 blocks, 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats in 6 lakh villages across the country into their self-managed Self Help Groups (SHGs) and their federal institutions and livelihoods collectives.
It would support them financially and institutionally in their efforts to get them out of poverty. The poor would be helped to achieve increased access to their rights, entitlements and public services, diversified risk and better social indicators of empowerment.
The National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) has been mandated to ensure adequate coverage of vulnerable sections of the society such that 50 % of the beneficiaries are SC/STs, 15% are minorities and 3% are persons with disability, while keeping in view the ultimate target of 100% coverage of Below Poverty Line (BPL) families. A unique feature of the new initiative is that it would be led by the poor themselves.
Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS)
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on 19 November, 2007 launched the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) for providing a monthly pension to people over 65 years and living below the poverty line. The Center would give a monthly pension of Rs. 200 to each beneficiary and expects the States to contribute an equal amount.
The Union Cabinet on June 9, 2011 approved lowering the age limit for the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) from 65 years to 60 years and increasing the rate of pension from Rs. 200 to Rs. 500 to persons of 80 years and above. The revised norms would come into effect from 1 April, 2011.
For availing the benefit of this scheme, the age of the applicant ( male and female ) shall be 60 years or higher. The applicant must also belong to a household below poverty line.
Now, the central assistance under Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) will be provided at the rate of Rs. 200 per month per beneficiary in the age group of 60 – 79 years and Rs. 500 per month per beneficiary for beneficiaries who are 80 years and above.
With rapid urbanization, breakdown of the joint family system, growth of nuclear families and increasing longevity, the elderly people were finding it difficult to sustain themselves. In the midst of all this, the launching of the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) is considered as a good step.
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